Earth Science focuses on which of the following?

Earth Science is an interdisciplinary field that specifically examines the planet Earth, including its physical structure, atmosphere, and the processes that shape it over time. This branch of science encompasses various sub-disciplines such as geology, meteorology, oceanography, and environmental science, all of which are concerned with understanding Earth’s processes and the interactions between its components.

The emphasis on Earth and its place in the universe highlights how our planet fits within the broader context of the cosmos, influencing and being influenced by celestial phenomena. This includes studying Earth's formation, the dynamics of its systems, and our environment, making it integral to understanding both the planet itself and its relationship to the rest of the universe.

Other mentioned areas, such as the universe beyond Earth, the structure of matter, and the study of living organisms, while important scientific fields, are not the primary focus of Earth Science. These fields are usually addressed by astronomy, chemistry, and biology, respectively. Thus, the correct choice accurately reflects the essence of Earth Science's focus and scope.