What is a caldera?

A caldera is indeed defined as a large crater formed by a volcanic explosion or the collapse of a volcano. This geological feature occurs when a volcano erupts explosively, expelling a significant amount of magma and causing the surface to cave in, resulting in a depression. This process can create vast pits that can be several kilometers in diameter, often filled with water over time, forming lakes.

Calderas can be notable features of volcanic activity and are often indicators of past eruptions. They differ from traditional craters, which are typically smaller and often the result of relatively minor eruptions. Understanding the formation of a caldera helps in studying volcanic activity and assessing volcanic hazards. Such knowledge is crucial for understanding Earth's geology and predicting future eruptions.