What is the term for the force that pulls objects toward each other based on their mass?

The term for the force that pulls objects toward each other based on their mass is gravitational force. This fundamental force is described by Isaac Newton's law of universal gravitation, which states that every point mass attracts every other point mass with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers. This means that the greater the mass of the objects, the stronger the gravitational pull between them, and the closer they are to each other, the stronger the force becomes.

Gravitational force is a key concept in understanding planetary motion, orbital mechanics, and even everyday phenomena like the weight of objects. Unlike other forces, such as electromagnetic force, which acts between charged particles, the gravitational force acts universally and is always attractive, never repulsive. The impact of gravitational force is so significant that it governs the structure of the universe, influencing the motion of planets, stars, and galaxies.