Who developed the centigrade thermometer?

Anders Celsius, a Swedish astronomer, is credited with the development of the centigrade thermometer, which is now commonly referred to as the Celsius scale. In 1742, he created a temperature scale where 0 degrees represented the freezing point of water and 100 degrees represented the boiling point at standard atmospheric pressure. This scale was significant because it provided a clear and practical way to measure temperature based on physical properties of water, making it intuitive for everyday use. The Celsius scale later underwent some modifications but maintained its fundamental structure, becoming one of the most widely used temperature scales in the world today.

The contributions of other figures, such as Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit and Isaac Newton, pertained to different temperature measurement systems or scientific advancements that were unrelated to the development of the centigrade thermometer. William Thomson, later known as Lord Kelvin, developed the absolute temperature scale known as Kelvin, which is also used in scientific contexts, but he did not create the centigrade thermometer.